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Africa is a continent with over 47 countries, one which I know plenty about. This county is Ethiopia, [[#|located]] on the Eastern part of Africa. Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in the world. I learned plenty about Ethiopia when Mrs. Kata assigned us a project. I worked in a group of four and we created a poster, a bible, many visuals and a very long essay. This project, even though it was very challenging, taught me a lot about ancient Ethiopia and where it is located on the map. Another [[#|assignment]] we received was to [[#|study]] the location of every [[#|country]] in Africa! It took a lot of [[#|studying]] and time, but it payed off. Before learning about Africa, I only knew where two countries are located. [[#|Now]], I could list over 30 without a problem.
One of the most important things that we learned about Africa are the five major climate zones. This includes the Savannah, Mediterranean, Desert, Rain forest and Steppe. The Savannah consists of many acres of grass and trees. The Mediterranean consists of great fertile land since it is made [[#|up of]] water. The Desert is dry and doesn't consist of any trees or plants. The Desert can reach extremely hot [[#|temperatures]]. [[#|Next]], we have the Rain forest. The Rain Forest consists of a lot of green and plants. This is where it rains a lot! Lastly, the Steppe is where there is a bunch of tall, colossal hills, filled with green grass.

I enjoyed learning most about Slash-and-Burn-Agriculture. This was a process where people would clear forests by cutting the trees. [[#|Next]], they would burn the trees to ultimately create better, richer soil for farming. Farming would create a lot of food for the people living in Africa, this would also increase the population in Africa because, wherever there was food, there were people.

Something that I learned from the first two months in Social [[#|Studies]] is understanding and using the MLA format. I knew nothing about this format, before having to use it on the group essay. Luckily I [[#|already]] know how to use it because Mrs.Kata says that we will be needing it in [[#|college]]. The levels of learning that I have experienced include: Remembering, (where all the countries are located in Africa) Evaluating, ([[#|applying]] what I knew to create my project and essay) Understanding, (The different cultures and traditions in Ancient Ethiopia) and Creating (The poster, bible, and visuals).


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Europe is one of the seven continents and consists of 47 countries. The [[#|country]] I am most familiar with is Poland, located on the west side of Europe. I am from Poland and know how to speak, write and talk in Polish. Throughout this chapter, I took what I knew about Poland and applied it to the rest of Europe.
For [[#|instance]], in class we talked about people that changed the world, like Nicolaus Copernicus. A very well known astronomer that came up with this theory- The Sun is in the center, and the Planets and Earth revolve around the Sun. However, we didn't only talk about Nicolaus Copernicus, we also talked about revolutionary and modern scientists. Isaac Newton and Albert [[#|Einstein]] were upon the many we talked about. I did a [[#|power]] point [[#|presentation]] on both these scientists with a partner. We used Isaac Newton as our revolutionary scientist and Albert Einstein as our modern scientist. Isaac Newton discovered the three laws of motion, and was the original discoverer of infinitesimal calculus. On the other hand, Albert Einstein created this simple [[#|math]] equation, e=mc^2 which led to the usage of the first atomic bomb. More over, Albert Einstein was also involved in the Manhattan Project (Dropping the atomic bomb on Japan to end World War II).
Another very important topic we discussed was art. During the Renaissance arts really flourished. The Renaissance was the time period after the Dark Ages, when Europe was discovering new inventions and began to erupt from sitting in the "Dark". Many amazing artists arose, this includes- Michel Angelo and Leonardo Da Vinci. Michel Angelo was an amazing sculptor, sculpted "David", which till' this day we can find in Italy. Leonardo Da Vinci is another amazing artist, he painted the famous "Mona Lisa". This masterpiece was created from 1503-1506, and still lasts today. Artists were a colossal part of taking Europe out of the "Dark Ages".
Not only did we learn about scientists, we also had a test on the 47 countries. Our assignment was to memorize the placement of the countries, states, lakes, bodies of water, capitals etc. and to locate all of them on the map of Europe for a grade. Locating the countries was rarely easy and the test was a great way of forcing me upon memorizing the countries.
Learning about Europe is also enjoyable, because I love learning about my country, and where I come from. I know the main points, but going into full detail allowed me to learn more about my country, and all of the countries in Europe. A fascinating continent, with many amazing countries, inspirational artists, scientists, sculptors and people.

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During the Middle Ages/ The Renaissance, we saw how Europe was struggling during the "Dark Ages". Here we learned about the struggles that Europe was facing which included, not having any new inventions, discoveries, etc. This would all change shortly and Europe would turn upside down during the Renaissance. It was the time when Europe had advanced technology and new inventions. Some of the well-known people that allowed Europe to come out of the "Dark Ages" included, Nicolas Copernicus, Gallieli Galileo, and Isaac Newton.
First off, Nicolas Copernicus was an astronomer that changed the way we look at the planets. The government and church set up their own theory on how our planets work. Nicolaus Copernicus had a different theory... he believed that the sun was at the center of the universe, and that the planets went around the sun. This was completely opposite from what the government said, which caused the government to be angry. Then, Gallieli Galileo came in, proving one of these theories correct. Galileo agreed with Copernicus, proving to everyone that the sun is in fact, at the center of our universe. At this point the government was furious and exiled Galileo for turning against them. This was one of the many major discoveries during the Renaissance.
Now, as for an invention, the printing press was created to help educate students in universities. The printing press also helped print out books quicker and easier. Another very well-known person during this time was Isaac Newton, he was an astronomer, physicist, mathematician, etc. Some of the great discoveries that Isaac Newton is responsible for include, the laws of gravity, infinitesimal calculus and many other math formulas. This was all happening during the Middle Ages, as Europe picked itself up from the "Dark Ages".

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The Enlightenment occurred from the 1600's to the 1700's, spreading from Europe. During the Enlightenment, many great philosophers(thinkers) arose. This included, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Voltaire, Diderot and Rousseau.
To start off, Thomas Hobbes thought that people were bad, cruel, greedy and selfish. Hobbes believed in an absolute monarchy, so people wouldn't determine the government. Hobbes also created the social contract; an agreement between people and society which would state what people were allowed to do. On the other hand, John Locke thought that people were good, reasonable and are born with natural rights. These were life, liberty and property unlike the inalienable rights that came from Thomas Jefferson. His rights included, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
Then came Voltaire, a strong believer in freedom of speech, and in abolishing slavery. Next came Diderot, who wrote a 28-volume encyclopedia in which he expressed his religion, speech and rights. Lastly, there was Rousseau. He didn't believe in unequal wealth distributions, he believed that for the most part people were good and deserved to be treated right. One of his quotes, that I liked the most from all of the philosophers was one that had big impact. "Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains". This was referring to the people and the government. According to the government, people were free, however there were way too many restrictions and limitations. This would also tie in with slavery, and how a man isn't really as free as everyone thought. These were some of the great thinkers that arose because of The Enlightenment.

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